Flame Retardant Additives

Flame Retardant Definition

Combustion could occur when a substance is heated to its flammable temperature in the presence of oxygen. Flame retardants are generally designed to provide a particular level of resistance to ignition or flame spread. This is achieved by suppressing oxygen availability, building up of char at the surface, inhibiting the combustion reaction within the flame area, or by other mechanisms. Nearly all the present-day commercial FRs and smoke suppressants can be divided into several chemical groups as the table below.

Baoxu flame retardants

Brominated flame retardant

Halogen flame retardant works in a gas phase and reacts with the radicals formed during the combustion. Chlorine and bromine are the only halogens used as FRs in synthetic plastic formulations since fluorine and iodine are unsuitable for this application. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are by far the most widely used FRs as they are more effective, cost less, and have wider applications. However, BFRs have been targeted as an environmental hazard persistence and bio-accumulation, when heated they can also form toxic by-products including CO and smoke.

Baoxu bromine flame retardants

Nitrogen flame retardant

Nitrogen-containing flame retardants may act by the release of inert gases like ammonia and nitrogen into the gas phase or by condensation reactions in the solid phase.

baoxu nitrogen flame retardant

Phosphorus-based flame retardant

PFRs not only react with radicals like BFRs but are also able to act in the condensed phase by enhancing char formation, yielding intumescence (foaming-up) or formation of inorganic glasses. PFRs are most commonly known as char formers, because during the burning process, they produce phosphoric acids, which, reacting with the substrate, produce a char that acts as a protection of the substrate itself. The most used PFRs are as the table below, their main area of application is in polyamides(PA), polyesters(PET/PBT), polyolefins, and polystyrene (PS) formulations, especially in electrical and electronic insulation components.

Baoxu Phosphorus flame retardants

Sulfonate flame retardant

KSS FR is the potassium salt of a complex of diphenyl sulfone sulfonate and diphenyl sulfone sulfonate. HES FR is specifically designed for the most effective translucent and opaque PC. It is not intended for a transparent PC.

Baoxu Silfonate flame retardants

Flame Retardant Additives by Application

Brochure

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Flame retardant brochure baoxu chemical

plastic additive brochure baoxu chemical

External links

Flame Retardant wikipedia

UL 94 Wikipedia